Background:
The Central Government, through the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, has issued the Boiler Accident Inquiry Rules, 2025 under the Boilers Act, 2025. These rules replace the earlier Boiler Accident Inquiry Rules, 2021 and aim to establish a structured process for investigating boiler-related accidents, particularly those resulting in fatalities.

Details of Changes:

1. Short Title and Commencement: The rules are formally named the Boiler Accident Inquiry Rules, 2025 and come into effect from the date of publication in the Official Gazette.
2. Definitions: Key terms are defined, such as “Act” referring to the Boilers Act, 2025; “Board” referring to the Central Boilers Board; “Chief Inspector” and “Technical Adviser” with their respective roles in inspection and inquiry.
3. Inquiry Process: Upon receiving a report of an accident involving a boiler or its components, a preliminary inquiry must be initiated in the state where the accident occurred.
4. Accidents Involving Death: If the accident leads to fatalities, the Chief Inspector must forward the preliminary inquiry report immediately to the Technical Adviser using Form A, which ensures uniform reporting of critical accident details.
5. Central Inquiry: In addition to the state-level inquiry, a central inquiry will also be conducted by the Central Government to further examine the causes and circumstances of the accident.
6. Constitution of Inquiry Committee: A committee is formed within fifteen days of the accident report and must complete its investigation within forty-five days. The committee includes the Technical Adviser as Chairperson, a Chief Inspector or Director of Boiler, and a member from the Board representing manufacturers, users, or others. The Central Government may also co-opt other experts if needed.
7. Procedure During Inquiry: The committee must physically inspect damaged parts, create sketches, take measurements, and document photographic evidence. It also investigates the nature of the accident, causes of injury or death, and extent of property damage. After acceptance by the Central Government, the report is sent to the Chief Inspector for further action.
8. Post-Inquiry Use of Boiler: The boiler involved in an accident leading to death cannot be used until the inquiry is completed. The Chief Inspector decides whether the boiler can be operated at the same or lower pressure or requires repairs or alterations before resumption.
9. Form A – Purpose: Form A is the standardized format used for reporting the preliminary inquiry into accidents resulting in death. It captures comprehensive details, such as the date and place of the accident, boiler specifications, inspection history, previous repairs, cause and nature of the accident, and the general condition of the boiler. This ensures uniformity and completeness in reporting across states, facilitating informed decision-making and corrective actions.