Introduction
Food safety is an indispensable component of public health, with governments worldwide implementing stringent regulations to ensure that food products are safe for human consumption. In India, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) plays a critical role in maintaining this safety through detailed legislative frameworks.
Understanding Clause 2.1: Metal Contaminants in Food Articles
Clause 2.1 focuses on two key components:
Rationale Behind Metal Limits
Heavy metals in food, even in trace amounts, can have cumulative toxic effects over time, leading to serious health issues such as:
The detailed tabulation of limits demonstrates the government’s intent to target specific risk factors within various categories of food and to provide tailored risk management strategies rather than generic thresholds.
Highlights of Key Metal Limits
Protection for Vulnerable Populations
Special attention is given to infant foods, drinking water, and edible oils. These categories serve vulnerable populations (especially infants and children), who are more susceptible to toxic effects. Limits such as 0.02 ppm for lead in infant formula, 0.003 ppm for cadmium in packaged water, and 0.1 ppm for mercury in salt showcase a precautionary approach grounded in global best practices.
Implementation and Industry Compliance
The enforcement of Clause 2.1 relies on:
Non-compliance can result in penalties, recalls, or cancellation of licenses, depending on the severity of the violation.
Global Alignment and Scientific Basis
India’s food safety regulations, including Clause 2.1, are aligned with global norms such as those set by:
This alignment not only facilitates international trade but also ensures that Indian consumers receive food that meets international safety benchmarks
Penalty for non-compliance:
Any person who manufactures, stores, sells, distributes, or imports unsafe food for human consumption shall be liable for punishment based on the severity of the outcome: up to six months’ imprisonment and a fine up to ₹1 lakh if no injury occurs; up to one year and ₹3 lakh fine for non-grievous injury; up to six years and ₹5 lakh fine for grievous injury; and a minimum of seven years’ imprisonment (extendable to life) and a fine of at least ₹10 lakh if it results in death.
Read more about the Regulation at : https://fssai.gov.in/cms/food-safety-and-standards-regulations.php
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