The management of e-waste in India is governed under the E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2022, which came into effect from April 01, 2023. These rules cover solar photo-voltaic modules, panels or cells as part of electrical and electronic equipment and assign responsibilities to producers, manufacturers and recyclers. The rules also require compliance through registration, storage obligations up to the year 2034-35, filing of annual returns and adherence to CPCB guidelines.

The Central Pollution Control Board has issued guidelines providing technical direction for environmentally sound transportation, handling and storage of waste solar photo-voltaic modules, panels or cells applicable to producers, manufacturers and recyclers.

The guidelines prescribe that:

• Solar waste shall not be disposed of or dumped in open areas or landfills.
• Waste intended for recycling shall be handed over only to registered recyclers, while collection and storage may involve registered producers or manufacturers.
• Producers and manufacturers shall establish and publicize collection and take-back mechanisms, including collection points and contact details.
• Transportation of solar waste shall be carried out in covered vehicles and comply with Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 where applicable.

For storage and handling:

• Storage shall prevent breakage and ensure safety of workers.
• Covered, dry and well-ventilated areas with impervious flooring shall be used.
• Broken or disintegrated waste shall be stored separately in labelled, rigid containers.
• Fire protection systems, emergency response plans and inspection mechanisms shall be maintained.
• Inventory records shall be maintained and storage areas shall be inspected monthly with reporting as per Annexure-I.
• Personnel handling such waste shall be provided with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).