Audit Trail
In 2021, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) introduced a significant amendment under the Companies Act, 2013 to enhance transparency and accountability in financial reporting. The amendment made it mandatory for companies to use accounting software that records an audit trail—a detailed log of all transactions and changes made in the books of accounts. Effective from April 1, 2023 (after deferments), this rule ensures that every transaction is tracked chronologically, including edits, deletions, and authorisations, helping detect fraud and errors. It aligns with global best practices and supports better compliance, governance, and integrity in financial records.
Procedure for Passing a Board Resolution by Circulation
The Act requires certain business to be approved only at Meetings of the Board.
Procedure for Conducting a Board Meeting
• Every company shall hold the first meeting of the Board of Directors within thirty days of the date of its incorporation and thereafter hold a minimum number of four meetings of its Board of Directors every year in such a manner that not more than one hundred and twenty days shall intervene between two consecutive meetings of the Board.
Audit Committee under Companies Act 2013 & Listing Regulations
Audit Committee is required to be constituted under Section 177 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 6 of the Companies (Meetings of Board and its Powers) Rules of 2014 as well as SEBI (LODR) 2015. An audit committee is a governing body responsible for overseeing financial reporting and ensuring compliance with statutory audit requirements. Its primary duties include promoting accountability, ensuring adherence to regulatory standards, and facilitating transparent financial disclosures.
ADT-1: Information to Registrar for appointment of Auditor
Under Section 139 of the Companies Act, 2013, it is mandatory for a company to notify RoC regarding the appointment of an auditor.
ADT-3 (Notice of resignation by the Auditor)
The auditor appointed may resign at any time due to any reason before the expiry of his term of office. In doing so he has to follow the provisions as laid in the Act.
Removal of Statutory Auditor through ADT-2
The auditor can be removed from his office before the expiry of his term only by passing a special resolution and after obtaining prior approval of Central Govt.
LLP Form 8 and Maintenance of Books of A/c
Every LLP should maintain proper books of a/c relating to its affairs each year and prepare a Statement of A/c and Solvency for the FY as at the last day of the F.Y. in Form 8
LLP Form 11
Every limited liability partnership shall file an annual return within sixty days of closure of its financial year, along with all the documents which are required to be or attached to such annual return, duly authenticated with the Registrar in LLP Form No. 11
PAS-6 : Reconciliation of Share Capital Audit Report
Every unlisted public company is required to submit a half-yearly Reconciliation of Share Capital Audit Report in PAS-6 within 60 days from the conclusion of each half year